A surface network based method for studying urban hierarchies by night time light remote sensing data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bin Wu  Qiusheng Wu  Zuoqi Chen  Jianping Wu 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(7):1377-1398

Urban hierarchies are closely related to economic growth, urban planning and sustainable urban development. Due to the limited availability of reliable statistical data at fine scales, most existing studies on urban hierarchy characterization failed to capture the detailed urban spatial structure information. Previous studies have demonstrated that night time light data are correlated with many urban socio-economic indicators and hence can be used to characterize urban hierarchies. This paper presents a novel method for studying urban hierarchies from night time light data. Night time light data were first conceptualized as continuous mathematical surfaces, termed night time light surfaces. From the morphology of these surfaces the corresponding surface networks were derived. Hereafter, a night time light intensity (NTLI) graph was defined to describe the morphology of the surface network. Then, structural similarity between the night time light surfaces of any two different cities was calculated via a threshold-based maximum common induced graph searching algorithm. Finally, urban hierarchies were defined on the basis of the structural similarities between different cities. Using the 2015 annual NPP-VIIRS night time light data, the urban hierarchies of 32 major cities in China were successfully examined. The results are highly consistent with the reference urban hierarchies.  相似文献   

随钻斯通利波测井反演地层渗透率的理论、方法及应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

庄春喜  李杨虎  孔凡童  陈鸣  张聪慧  苏远大  唐晓明 《地球物理学报》2019,62(11):4482-4492

针对孔隙渗透地层的随钻声波测井问题，用Biot-Rosenbaum孔隙弹性波测井理论推导了孔隙地层的随钻井孔声场表达式.据此考察了随钻条件下井中斯通利波的波形、相速度频散、衰减以及相速度对渗透率的灵敏度，并与电缆测井中的情况进行了对比.数值模拟结果表明，随钻条件下斯通利波对地层渗透率的灵敏度相对于电缆测井有明显增加，更有利于用来反演地层渗透率.为快捷有效地处理现场测井数据和反演计算，采用简化Biot-Rosenbaum理论和钻铤的等效模型，对随钻斯通利波的频移和时滞进行联合反演.结果表明，随钻斯通利波反演的渗透率与核磁渗透率和岩心覆压测试渗透率符合较好，并且与常规测井曲线所反映的储层性质具有较好的一致性，证明了利用随钻斯通利波评价地层渗透率的有效性.  相似文献   

Characteristics of eigen-system for flexural gravity wave problems     

S. Mandal  A. Chakrabarti 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2017,111(4):249-281

For a class of boundary value problems associated with flexural gravity waves, characteristics of the eigen-system are analysed which are used to study the convergence of the expansion formulae in both cases of single and two layer fluids in water of finite and infinite depths. Using Green’s function technique, the spectral representations of the vertical eigenfunctions are obtained which are used along with the orthogonal mode-coupling relations to prove the convergence of the expansion formulae. Using the expansion formulae flexural gravity wave scattering due to multiple articulations in the presence of compression are investigated. The problem is studied in both the cases of single-layer and two-layer fluids in finite water depth. Effects of compressive force, stiffness of the connectors, length of the elastic plates and water depth, position of interface on wave scattering by articulated plates are studied by analysing the reflection and transmission coefficients. This procedure of proving the convergence of expansion formulae is independent of water depth. The concept and methodology for dealing with wave-structure interaction problems discussed here can be generalised to deal with problems of similar nature arising in the broad area of mathematical physics and engineering.  相似文献   

The influence of coupled physical swelling and chemical reactions on deformable geomaterials     

Yue Ma  Xiao‐Hui Chen  Lee J. Hosking  Hai‐Sui Yu  Hywel R. Thomas  Simon Norris 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2021,45(1):64-82

Coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical‐chemical modelling has attracted attention in past decades due to many contemporary geotechnical engineering applications (e.g., waste disposal, carbon capture and storage). However, molecular‐scale interactions within geomaterials (e.g., swelling and dissolution/precipitation) have a significant influence on the mechanical behaviour, yet are rarely incorporated into existing Thermal‐Hydro‐Mechanical‐Chemical (THMC) frameworks. This paper presents a new coupled hydro‐mechanical‐chemical constitutive model to bridge molecular‐scale interactions with macro‐physical deformation by combining the swelling and dissolution/precipitation through an extension of the new mixture‐coupling theory. Entropy analysis of the geomaterial system provides dissipation energy, and Helmholtz free energy gives the relationship between solids and fluids. Numerical simulation is used to compare with the selected recognized models, which demonstrates that the swelling and dissolution/precipitation processes may have a significant influence on the mechanical deformation of the geomaterials.  相似文献   

基于两步弥散算子的共反射面元射线束成像方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈宝书  杨锴  汪小将 《地球物理学报》2020,63(1):270-286

基于克希霍夫统一成像理论,对共反射面元射线束成像方法进行了深入分析.通过这种分析可以得到一种新的共反射面元射线束类成像实现方式:基于两步弥散算子的共反射面元射线束类成像方法.当仅实施第一步弥散时,即可获得信噪比大幅提高同时更为规则的叠前道集.二维、三维的理论和实际数据算例证实了上述观点.  相似文献   

论不同模式大气中的静力适应过程          下载免费PDF全文

郭海龙  刘宇迪  董毅 《地球物理学报》2018,61(1):52-64

为了研究大气静力平衡适应过程的本质，利用波动理论和能量转换角度，分别对完全可压缩的等温大气模型、滞弹近似下的等温大气模型和层结中性大气模型进行研究比较.结果表明：大气静力平衡适应过程的本质是声波和混合声重力波对扰动能量的频散过程，滞弹近似模型和层结中性模型均不能完全描述此适应过程；在波动假设下，此三类大气模型中扰动物理量之间的偏振关系同波动的性质有关，气团的运动方程均为椭圆方程，声波和混合声重力波对气团运动的作用差异较显著.
大气静力平衡适应过程中扰动能量以有效势能、有效弹性势能、动能或波动能量的形式存在并相互转换；扰动有效势能与其他形式能量之间的转换与混合声重力波或者重力内波有关，扰动有效弹性势能与其他形式能量之间的转换与声波有关.在完全可压缩的等温大气模型中，扰动有效势能增加1个单位，其中69.9%来自扰动垂直动能，其余30.1%来自扰动有效弹性势能.  相似文献   

铁路路基粗粒土填料临界动应力试验研究     

王康宇  庄妍  耿雪玉 《岩土力学》2020,41(6):1865-1873

粗粒土填料被广泛应用于铁路基床填料中，直接承受轨道结构传递的列车动循环荷载的长期作用，研究其在列车动荷载作用下的动力行为特征及塑性变形特性可为路基状态评估、沉降控制提供思路。采用GDS动三轴试验系统对铁路基床表层的粗粒土填料动力响应开展研究，通过引入塑性应变率和安定理论，将不同频率、围压、循环动应力比等条件下路基填料的轴向塑性应变的发展规律划分为塑性安定、塑性蠕变和增量塑性破坏3种类型，并确定了塑性安定和塑性蠕变状态的临界动应力水平。研究表明：粗粒土填料的临界循环应力比随着围压的增大而增大，随着荷载频率的增加而减小。通过对试验结果的拟合分析，提出了以围压为变量的临界动应力经验公式，为合理评估列车荷载作用下路基任意深度的动力稳定提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

爆破荷载作用下露天矿边坡稳定性的突变研究     

周子涵  陈忠辉  王建明  张凌凡  年庚乾 《岩土力学》2020,41(3):849-857

基于二维斜坡平面滑动失稳力学模型，引入爆破荷载因素，建立了露天爆破荷载作用下岩质边坡失稳的尖点突变理论模型。根据建立的突变模型，探讨了爆破荷载幅值和爆破荷载频率对边坡稳定性的影响规律，导出了边坡的动态自稳临界高度，并提出了失稳的判据条件，结果表明：爆破荷载幅值越大，爆破荷载频率越小，后缘裂缝深度越大，边坡失稳的可能性越高；在爆破荷载作用下，边坡的稳定程度是动态变化的，且随着应力波入射角的增大，边坡失稳破坏的可能性不断提高。以大孤山露天矿内的两处边坡为例，计算了边坡的动安全系数及动态自稳临界高度，利用边坡当前实际的稳定情况验证了提出的边坡失稳判据的合理性，为预防露天矿爆破在开挖过程中边坡岩体的动力失稳提供了一定的理论支持。  相似文献   

基于下一代性能设计理论的全概率抗震性能评估          下载免费PDF全文

董艳秋  王宪杰  王希  杨思昭  周潇凡  龙诗琪  吕龙 《世界地震工程》2020,(2):012-20

对建筑物灾变发生时经济损失和人员伤亡情况做出准确预估是未来建筑结构设计初期需要努力的方向。基于下一代性能化设计理论,通过精细化建模和动力时程分析对结构进行易损性分析,并以此得到抗震性能评估所需的各类地震响应参数,建立RC框架结构全概率抗震性能评估方法。以云南大学力行楼为例,通过地震损失预测得到了该栋建筑的经济损失、修复时间和人员伤亡情况。该方法直观清晰地展示了结果,便于业主及非本专业从业者理解。  相似文献   

Elastic behavior of weakly cemented contact          下载免费PDF全文

V. Langlois 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2015,39(8):854-860

We investigate the elastic behavior of weakly cemented contact. We show that the radial distribution of stresses and the stiffnesses of a cemented contact are governed by the ratio a/RΛ, where R, a, and Λ are, respectively, the grain radius, the contact size, and the ratio of the elastic moduli of cement and grains. Moreover, we show that a cemented contact is always less stiff than a Hertzian contact having a similar size. Finally, we propose accurate approximate expressions of the contact stiffnesses. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献